Past
Simple (Pasado simple)
Hay muchas maneras de hablar del pasado en
inglés, pero el pasado simple es lo más común. El pasado simple en
inglés es equivalente al pretérito imperfecto y pretérito indefinido del
español. Usamos el pasado simple para acciones completas en el pasado. El
período de tiempo de estas acciones no es importante como en el español. En el
pasado simple hay verbos regulares y verbos iregulares.
Grammatical Rules (Reglas
gramaticales)
Form (Forma)
Para formar el pasado simple con verbos
regulares, añadimos la terminación "-ed" al verbo. La forma es
la misma para todas personas (I, you, he, she, it, we, they).
- Ejemplos:
- want
want → wanted
wanted
- learn
learn → learned
learned
- stay
stay → stayed
stayed
- walk
walk → walked
- show
show → showed
showed
Excepciones:
- Para verbos que terminan en una "e", sólo añadimos
"-d.
- Ejemplos:
- change
change → changed
changed
- believe
believe → believed
believed
- Si el verbo termina en una vocal corta y una consonante (excepto
"y" o "w"), doblamos la consonante
final.
- Ejemplos:
- stop
stop → stopped
stopped
- commit
commit → committed
committed
- Con verbos que terminan en una consonante y una "y",
se cambia la "y" para una "i".
- Ejemplos:
- study
study → studied
studied
- try
try → tried
tried
Nota: Hay muchos verbos irregulares en inglés. Desafortunadamente, no hay
reglas fijadas para formarlos. A continuación tienes los tres verbos
irregulares más comunes y los que actúan como verbos auxiliares.
Verb
|
Past
Simple
|
be
|
was (I, he, she, it) / were (you, we, they)
|
do
|
did
|
have
|
had
|
Pronunciation (Pronunciación)
Pronunciamos la terminación "-ed"
de forma diferente dependiendo de la letra que va al final del infinitivo. En
general la "e" es muda.
- Con los infinitivos que terminan en "p", "f",
"k" o "s" (consonantes sordas, excepto
"t") pronunciamos la terminación" "-ed"
como una "t".
- Ejemplos:
- looked
[lukt]
- kissed
[kisst]
- Con los infinitivos que terminan en "b", "g",
"l", "m", "n", "v",
"z" (consonantes sonoras, excepto "d") o
una vocal, pronunciamos sólo la "d".
- Ejemplos:
- yelled yelled
[jeld]
- cleaned cleaned
[klind]
- Con los infinitivos que terminan en "d" o "t",
pronunciamos la "e" como una "i".
- Ejemplos:
- ended
- ended
[endid]
- waited
- waited
[weitid]
Structure (Estructura)
- Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas)
Sujeto + verbo principal...
- Ejemplos:
- She was a doctor.
She was a doctor. (Ella era
doctora.)
- The keys were in the drawer.
The keys were in the
drawer. (Las llaves estaban en el cajón.)
- I wanted to dance.
I wanted to dance. (Quería
bailar.)
- He learned English.
He learned English.
(Aprendieron inglés.)
- They believed him.
They believed him. (Le
creímos.)
- Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)
- To be:
Sujeto + "to be" + "not"...
- Ejemplos:
- She wasn't a doctor.
she wasn't a doctor. (Ella no
era doctora.)
- The keys weren't in the drawer.
The keys weren't in the
drawer. (Las llaves no estaban en el cajón.)
Nota: El verbo "to have got", que en el presente simple sigue
las mismas reglas como "to be", no puede ser utilizado en el
pasado. Para indicar la posesión en el pasado, usamos el verbo "to have".
- Todos los verbos demás:
Sujeto + verbo auxiliar ("to do") + "not" + verbo
principal...
- Ejemplos:
- I didn't want to dance.
I didn't want to dance. (No quería bailar.)
- He didn't learn English.
He didn't learn English. (No aprendieron inglés)
- They didn't believe him.
They didn't believe him.
(No le creímos.)
Nota: En frases negativas, el verbo auxiliar va en el pasado ("did")
y el verbo principal se queda en el infinitivo.
- Interrogative Sentences (Frases
interrogativas)
- To be:
"To be" + sujeto...?
- Ejemplos:
- Was she a doctor?
Was she a doctor? (¿Ella era
doctora?)
- Were the keys in the drawer?
Were the keys in the
drawer? (¿Estaban las llaves en el cajón?)
- Todos los verbos demás:
Verbo auxiliar ("to do") + sujeto + verbo principal...?
- Ejemplos:
- Did you want to dance?
Did you want to dance? (¿Querías bailar?)
- Did he learn English
Did he learn English? (¿Aprendieron ingles?)
- Did they believe him?
Did they believe him? (¿Le
creíste?)
Nota: Como en frases negativas, el verbo auxiliar va en el pasado ("did")
y el verbo principal se queda en el infinitivo.
Uses (Usos)
- El pasado simple se utiliza para hablar de una acción concreta que
comenzó y acabó en el pasado. En este caso equivale al
pretérito indefinido español. Generalmente, lo usamos con adverbios del
tiempo como "last year", "yesterday",
"last night"...
- Ejemplos:
- Tom stayed at home last night.
Tom stayed at home last
night. (Tom se quedó en casa anoche.)
- Kate worked last Saturday.
Kate worked last
Saturday. (Kate trabajó el sábado pasado.)
- I didn't got to the party yesterday.
I didn't go to the party yesterday.
(No fui a la fiesta ayer.)
- Did they walk to school this morning?
Did they walk to school this
morning? (¿Han andado a la escuela esta mañana?)
- Se usa el pasado simple para un serie de acciones en el pasado.
- Ejemplos:
- I received the good news and immediately
called my husband.
I received the good news
and immediately called my husband. (Recibí la buena noticia y
llamé de inmediato a mi marido.)
- He studied for an hour in the morning, worked
all afternoon and didn't return home until 10 at night.
He studied for an hour in
the morning, worked all afternoon and didn't return home until 10 at night. (Estudió durante una hora por la mañana, trabajó toda la tarde y no
regresó a casa hasta las 10 de la noche.)
- También lo usamos para acciones repetidas o habituales en el pasado, como se usa el pretérito imperfecto español.
- Ejemplos:
- We always traveled to Cancun for vacation
when we were young.
We always traveled to
Cancun for vacation when we were young. (Siempre viajábamos a Cancun
durante las vacaciones cuando éramos jóvenes.)
- He walked 5 kilometers every day to work.
He walked 5 kilometers
every day to work. (Caminaba 5 kilómetros hasta
el trabajo cada día.)
- Lo usamos para narraciones o acciones de períodos de largo tiempo
en el pasado, como el pretérito
imperfecto español.
- Ejemplos:
- I worked for many years in a museum.
I worked for many years in
a museum. (Trabajaba en un museo durante muchos años.)
- She didn't eat meat for 6 years.
She didn't eat meat for 6
years. (No comía carne durante 6 años.)
- Se utiliza para hablar de generalidades o hechos del pasado.
- Ejemplos:
- The Aztec lived in Mexico.
The Aztec lived in Mexico. (Los aztecas vivían en México)
- I played the guitar when I was a child.
I played the guitar when I
was a child. (Tocaba la guitarra cuando era niño.)
EXERCISES
Past Simple (Pasado simple)
Completa las siguientes cuestiones.
Q1 of 10: Last night we _____
(walk) to the cinema.
Q2 of 10: Sam _____ (stop) the
car to take a picture.
Q3 of 10: I _____ (study) for the
exam for three hours.
Q4 of 10: They _____ (be) happy
to be home.
Q5 of 10: Sally _____ (be)
disappointed she _____ (miss) the party.
Q6 of 10: When I was young, we
always _____ (go) to Florida for the summer.
Q7 of 10: Dan _____ (not/work)
last week.
Q8 of 10: _____ you _____ (wash)
the dishes?
Q9 of 10: I _____ (dream) I could
fly last night.
Q10 of 10: We _____ (meet) them at
the restaurant.
2.- Escribe
los verbos entre paréntesis en la forma correcta de Past Simple.
1. He (write) his homework last Sunday.
2. Mary (not go) to school last week.
3. you (play) basketball two weeks ago?
4. I (study) French last year.
5. They (buy) a new flat last month.
6. John (take) his driving test yesterday but he (not pass) it.
7. Tim (go) to Paris last summer.
8. your parents (meet) at university?
9. When I (be) a child, I (speak) German.
10. We (see) him yesterday but he (not see) us.
2. Mary (not go) to school last week.
3. you (play) basketball two weeks ago?
4. I (study) French last year.
5. They (buy) a new flat last month.
6. John (take) his driving test yesterday but he (not pass) it.
7. Tim (go) to Paris last summer.
8. your parents (meet) at university?
9. When I (be) a child, I (speak) German.
10. We (see) him yesterday but he (not see) us.
un ejemplo podria ser go que es ir y gooed fuimos
ResponderEliminarEstimado Alfaro, anexe al blogger la conjugacion del verbo go...checalo y ve los ejemplos...espero que sean de utilidad para todos...saludos
Eliminartengo un problema mi compu me traduce todo al español y n se puede quitar que hago o como lo puedo solucionar
ResponderEliminarBuen dia Edgar, configura el idioma de tu compu...
ResponderEliminarTEACHER HASTA LOS EXERCISES Past Simple HAY QUE IMPRIMIRLO????
ResponderEliminarasi es kenny...son dos series de ejercicios...para realizarlos con la gramatica de los verbos en pasado simple...
Eliminarmaestro q temas son las q hay q imprimir
Eliminarhello teacher, yo hice la conjugación del verbo buy
ResponderEliminarAffirmative Interrogative Negative
I bought. Did I buy? I did not buy.
You bought. Did you buy? You did not buy.
He/She/It bought. Did he/she/it buy? He/She/It did not buy.
We bought. Did we buy? We did not buy.
You bought. Did you buy? You did not buy.
They bought. Did they buy? They did not buy
Muy bien alberto, excelente...es muy importante que aprendamos los verbos irregulares...esos estan en la lista que le puse en el blogger...para que los impriman, ya mañana nos vemos y checamos la letra de la cancion...ahi existen muchos verbos y sustantivos...bien hecho alberto...
Eliminary otra cosa muy importante..recuerda hacer la contraccion en la negacion DIDN´T.. ok?
Eliminaraqui esta el custionario de los cartoons
ResponderEliminarwhat happened?
R:CRASH
wha did the coyote do?
PLANE
what did he do?
DROP BOMP
he didn't escape from the bomb?
NO
did he fix it quickly
IF I CAN FIX IT QUICKLY
was that a bad idea?
YES A BAD IDEA
Maestro soi ana lopez, no encontre el video que nos mostro ayer...
ResponderEliminar